Let

We need to find the roots of Δ = 0.

Recall that the value of a determinant remains same if we apply the operation R_i→ R_i + kR_j or C_i→ C_i + kC_j.

Applying C₁→ C₁ + C₂, we get

Applying C₁→ C₁ + C₃, we get

Taking the term (x + 9) common from C₁, we get

Applying R₂→ R₂ – R₁, we get

Applying R₃→ R₃ – R₁, we get

Expanding the determinant along C₁, we have

Δ = (x + 9)(1)[(x – 1)(x – 1) – (0)(0)]

⇒ Δ = (x + 9)(x – 1)(x – 1)

∴ Δ = (x + 9)(x – 1)²

The given equation is Δ = 0.

⇒ x²(x + a + b + c) = 0

Case – I:

x+ 9 = 0 ⇒ x = –9

Case – II:

(x – 1)² = 0

⇒ x – 1 = 0

∴ x = 1

Thus, –9 and 1 are the roots of the given determinant equation.