Evaluate the following integral:

Denominator is already factorized, so let





We need to solve for A, B and C. One way to do this is to pick values for x which will cancel each variable.


Put x = 1 in the above equation, we get


= A(1 – 2)(1 – 3) + B(1 – 1)(1 – 3) + C(1 – 1)(1 – 2)


1 = 2A + 0 + 0



Now put x = 2 in equation (ii), we get


= A(2 – 2)(2 – 3) + B(2 – 1)(2 – 3) + C(2 – 1)(2 – 2)


4 = 0 – B + 0


B = – 4


Now put x = 3 in equation (ii), we get


= A(3 – 2)(3 – 3) + B(3 – 1)(3 – 3) + C(3 – 1)(3 – 2)


9 = 0 + 0 + 2C



We put the values of A, B, and C values back into our partial fractions in equation (i) and replace this as the integrand. We get




Split up the integral,



Let substitute u = x – 1 du = dx, y = x – 2 dy = dx and z = x – 3 dz = dx, so the above equation becomes,



On integrating we get



Substituting back, we get



Note: the absolute value signs account for the domain of the natural log function (x>0).


Hence,



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