i.

ii. The direct current generator or the DC dynamo is based on the principle of Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.

iii. The device is used to convert the mechanical energy into useful electric energy.

iv. The mechanical energy supplied from outside is used to rotate the conductor in the magnetic field to produce electricity.

v. An electric generator, as shown in the diagram, consists of a rotating rectangular coil ABCD as placed between the poles of a permanent magnet.

vi. The two ends of the coils are connected to two rings R₁ and R₂. The inner side of these rings are made insulated. The two conducting stationary brushes B1 and B2 are kept pressed separately on the rings R1 and R2, respectively.

vii. The two rings R1 and R2 are internally attached to an axle. The axle is mechanically rotated from outside to rotate the coil inside the magnetic field.

viii. The mechanical energy may come from flowing water inside a hydel dam or a by high pressurized steam in a thermal power plant. Outer ends of the brushes are connected to the load. In an experimental setup it is connected to the galvanometer to detect any current in the circuit.