An ecosystem is a community of living organisms together with the non-living components of the environment like air, water and mineral soil, combining as a system. Ecosystems can be of any size.

There are two main components of an ecosystem which are the biotic components and the abiotic components.

Biotic Components of Ecosystem

The living components of an ecosystem are called the biotic components. It includes plants, animals, as well as microscopic organisms like fungi and bacteria also. These biotic components can be further classified into producers, consumers and decomposers, based on the energy requirement source.

Abiotic Components of Ecosystem

Abiotic components are the non-living factors, i.e., physical or the chemical factors that act upon the living organisms. These are also known as ecological factors. These factors include water pH, sunlight, water depth, salinity, available nutrients/minerals and dissolved oxygen in the water body, soil, soil types, temperature, rain, altitude, wind, etc.

In the given ecosystem, the two biotic factors are trees and animals like lion and deer while the two abiotic factors are sunlight and mountains.