Table of Contents
oSQI+kQh vk”keh
(1919&2002)
vrgj gqlSu fj”koh dk tUe 19 tuojh 1919 dks mÙkj izns'k osQ vk”kex < +f”kys esa eteka xk¡o esa gqvkA vnc dh nqfu;k esa vkxs pydj os oSQI+kQh vk”kehuke ls e'kgwj gq,A oSQI+kQh vk”keh dh x.kuk izxfr'khy mnwZ dfo;ksa dh igyh iafDr esa dh tkrh gSA
oSQI+kQh dh dforkvksa esa ,d vksj lkekftd vkSj jktuSfrd tkx:drk dklekos'k gS rks nwljh vksj ân; dh dkseyrk Hkh gSA viuh ;qokoLFkk esaeq'kk;jksaesa okg&okgh ikuss okys oSQI+kQh vk”keh us fI+kQYeksa osQ fy, lSdM+ksa csgrjhu xhr Hkh fy[ks gSaA
10 ebZ 2002 dks bl nqfu;k ls jQ[klr gq, oSQI+kQh osQ ik¡p dfork laxzg>adkj]vkf[kj&,&'kc] vkokjk l”kns] ljek;kvkSj fI+kQYeh xhrksa dk laxzg esjh vkok”k lquks izdkf'kr gq,A vius jpukdeZ osQ fy, oSQI+kQh dks lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj lfgr dbZ iqjLdkjksa ls uoktk x;kA oSQI+kQh dykdkjksa osQ ifjokj ls FksA buosQ rhuksa cM+s HkkbZ Hkh 'kk;j FksA iRuh 'kkSdr vk”keh] csVh 'kckuk vk”keh e'kgwj vfHkusf=k;k¡ gSaA
¯”knxh izk.khek=k dks fiz; gksrh gSA dksbZ Hkh bls ;w¡ gh [kksuk ugha pkgrkA vlkè; jksxh rd thou dh dkeuk djrk gSA thou dh j{kk] lqj{kk vkSj mls ftyk, j[kus osQ fy, izÑfr us u osQoy reke lkèku gh miyCèk djk, gSa] lHkh tho&tarqvksa esa mls cuk,] cpk, j[kus dh Hkkouk Hkh fijksbZ gSA blhfy, 'kkafrfiz; tho Hkh vius izk.kksa ij ladV vk;k tku mldh j{kk gsrq eqdkcys osQ fy, rRij gks tkrs gaSA
ysfdu blls Bhd foijhr gksrk gS lSfud dk thou] tks vius ugha] tc vkSjksa osQ thou ij] mudh vk”kknh ij vk curh gS] rc eqdkcys osQ fy, viuk lhuk rku dj [kM+k gks tkrk gSA ;g tkurs gq, Hkh fd ml eqdkcys esa vkSjksa dh ¯”knxh vkSj vk”kknh Hkys gh cph jgs] mldh viuh ekSr dh laHkkouk lcls vfèkd gksrh gSA
izLrqr ikB tks ;q¼ dh i`"BHkwfe ij cuh fI+kQYe ^gdhdr* osQ fy, fy[kk x;k Fkk] ,sls gh lSfudksa osQ ân; dh vkok”k c;ku djrk gS] ftUgsa vius fd,&èkjs ij uk”k gSA blh osQ lkFk bUgsa vius ns'kokfl;ksa ls oqQN vis{kk,¡ Hkh gSaA pw¡fd ftuls mUgas os vis{kk,¡ gSa os ns'koklh vkSj dksbZ ugha] ge vkSj vki gh gSa] blfy, vkb,] bls i<+dj vius vki ls iwNsa fd ge mudh vis{kk,¡ iwjh dj jgs gSa ;k ugha\
dj pys ge fI+kQnk
dj pys ge fI+kQnk tkuks&ru lkfFk;ks
vc rqEgkjs gokys oru lkfFk;ks
lk¡l Fkerh xbZ] uC”k terh xbZ
fiQj Hkh c<+rs dne dks u jQdus fn;k
dV x, lj gekjs rks oqQN xe ugha
lj fgeky; dk geus u >qdus fn;k
ejrs&ejrs jgk ck¡diu lkfFk;ks
vc rqEgkjs gokys oru lkfFk;ks
¯”knk jgus osQ ekSle cgqr gSa exj
tku nsus dh #r jks”k vkrh ugha
gqLu vkSj b'd nksuksa dks jQLok djs
oks tokuh tks [kw¡ esa ugkrh ugha
vkt èkjrh cuh gS nqYkgu lkfFk;ks
vc rqEgkjs gokys oru lkfFk;ks
jkg oqQckZfu;ksa dh u ohjku gks
rqe ltkrs gh jguk u, dkfI+kQys
I+kQrg dk t'u bl t'u osQ ckn gS
¯”knxh ekSr ls fey jgh gS xys
ck¡èk yks vius lj ls dI+kQu lkfFk;ks
vc rqEgkjs gokys oru lkfFk;ks
[khap nks vius [kw¡ ls ”keha ij ydhj
bl rjI+kQ vkus ik, u jkou dksbZ
rksM+ nks gkFk vxj gkFk mBus yxs
Nw u ik, lhrk dk nkeu dksbZ
jke Hkh rqe] rqEgha y{e.k lkfFk;ks
vc rqEgkjs gokys oru lkfFk;ksA
(d) fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mÙkj nhft,
1- D;k bl xhr dh dksbZ ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe gS\
2- ^lj fgeky; dk geus u >qdus fn;k*] bl iafDr esa fgeky; fdl ckr dk izrhd gS\
3- bl xhr esa èkjrh dks nqygu D;ksa dgk x;k gS\
4- xhr esa ,slh D;k [kkl ckr gksrh gS fd os thou Hkj ;kn jg tkrs gSa\
5- dfo us ^lkfFk;ks* lacksèku dk iz;ksx fdlosQ fy, fd;k gS\
6- dfo us bl dfork esa fdl dkfI+kQys dks vkxs c<+krs jgus dh ckr dgh gS\
7- bl xhr esa ^lj ij dI+kQu ck¡èkuk* fdl vksj laosQr djrk gS\
8- bl dfork dk izfrik| vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
([k) fuEufyf[kr dk Hkko Li"V dhft,
1- lk¡l Fkerh xbZ] uC”k terh xbZ
fiQj Hkh c<+rs dne dks u jQdus fn;k
2- [khap nks vius [kw¡ ls ”keha ij ydhj
bl rjI+kQ vkus ik, u jkou dksbZZ
3- Nw u ik, lhrk dk nkeu dksbZ
jke Hkh rqe] rqEgha y{e.k lkfFk;ks
Hkk"kk vè;;u
1- bl xhr esa oqQN fof'k"V iz;ksx gq, gSaA xhr osQ lanHkZ esa mudk vk'k; Li"V djrs gq, vius okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft,A
dV x, lj] uC”k terh xbZ] tku nsus dh jQr] gkFk mBus yxs
2- è;ku nhft, lacksèku esa cgqopu ^'kCn :i* ij vuqLokj dk iz;ksx ugha gksrk_ tSlsHkkb;ks] cfguks] nsfo;ks] lTtuks vkfnA
;ksX;rk foLrkj
1- oSQI+kQh vk”keh mnwZ Hkk"kk osQ ,d izfl¼ dfo vkSj 'kk;j FksA ;ss igys x”ky fy[krs FksA ckn esa fI+kQYeksa esa xhrdkj vkSj dgkuhdkj osQ :i esa fy[kus yxsA fuekZrk psru vkuan dh fI+kQYe ^gdhdr* osQ fy, bUgksaus ;g xhr fy[kk Fkk] ftls cgqr izflf¼ feyhA ;fn laHko gks losQ rks ;g fI+kQYe nsf[k,A
2- ^fI+kQYe dk lekt ij izHkko* fo"k; ij d{kk esa ifjppkZ vk;ksftr dhft,A
3- oSQI+kQh vk”keh dh vU; jpukvksa dks iqLrdky; ls izkIr dj if<+, vkSj d{kk esa lqukb,A blosQ lkFk gh mnwZ Hkk"kk osQ vU; dfo;ksa dh jpukvksa dks Hkh if<+,A
4- ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- }kjk oSQI+kQh vk”keh ij cukbZ xbZ fI+kQYe ns[kus dk iz;kl dhft,A
ifj;kstuk dk;Z
1- lSfud thou dh pqukSfr;ksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, ,d fucaèk fyf[k,A
2- vk”kkn gksus osQ ckn lcls eqf'dy dke gS ^vk”kknh cuk, j[kuk*A bl fo"k; ij d{kk esa ppkZ dhft,A
3- vius LowQy osQ fdlh lekjksg ij ;g xhr ;k vU; dksbZ ns'kHkfDriw.kZ xhr xkdj lqukb,A
'kCnkFkZ vkSj fVIif.k;k¡
fI+kQnk & U;ksNkoj
gokys & lkSaiuk
#r & ekSle
gqLu & lqanjrk
#Lok & cnuke
[kw¡ & [kwu
dkfI+kQys & ;kf=k;ksa dk lewg
I+kQrg & thr
t'u & [kq'kh eukuk
uC”k & ukM+h
oqQckZfu;k¡ & cfynku
”keha & ”kehu
ydhj & js[kk
