Solution of Chapter 1. Number System (NCERT - Mathematics Book)

Is zero a rational number? Can you write it in the form p/q, where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0 ?

Find six rational numbers between 3 and 4

Find five rational numbers between 3/5 and 4/5

State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answers.

(i) Every natural number is a whole number.

(ii) Every integer is a whole number.

(iii) Every rational number is a whole number.

State whether the following statements are true or false. Justify your answers.

(i) Every irrational number is a real number.

(ii) Every point on the number line is of the form where m is a natural number

(iii) Every real number is an irrational number.

Are the square roots of all positive integers irrational? If not, give an example of the square root of a number that is a rational number.

Show how can be represented on the number line.

Classroom activity (Constructing the ‘square root spiral’) : Take a large sheet of paper and construct the ‘square root spiral’ in the following fashion. Start with a point O and draw a line segment P₁P₂ perpendicular to OP₁ of unit length (see Fig. 1.9). Now draw a line segment P₂P₃ perpendicular to OP₂. Then draw a line segment P₃P₄ perpendicular to OP₃. Continuing in this manner, you can get the line segment P_n-1P_n by drawing a line segment of unit length perpendicular to OP_n-1. In this manner, you will have created the points P_2,P_3,……,P_n….., and joined them to create a beautiful spiral depicting

Write the following in decimal form and say what kind of decimal expansion each has:

(i) (ii) 1/11

(iii) (iv) 3/13

(v) 2/11 (vi)

You know that Can you predict what the decimal expansions of are, without actually doing the long division? If so how?

[Hint: Study the remainders while finding the value of 1/7 carefully.]

Express the following in the form p/q, where p and q are integers and

(i) (ii)

(iii)

Express 0.99999 ….. in the form p/q. Are you surprised by your answer? With your teacher and classmates discuss why the answer makes sense.

What can the maximum number of digits be in the repeating block of digits in the decimal expansion of 1/17? Perform the division to check your answer

Look at several examples of rational numbers in the form where and are integers with no common factors other than 1 and having terminating decimal representations (expansions). Can you guess what property q must satisfy?

Write three numbers whose decimal expansions are non-terminating non-recurring.

Find three different irrational numbers between the rational numbers 5/7 and 9/11

Classify the following numbers as rational or irrational:

(i)

(ii)

(iii) 0.3796

(iv) 7.478478…

(v) 1.101001000100001….

Visualize 3.765 on the number line, using successive magnification.

Visualizeon the number line, up to 4 decimal places.

Classify the following numbers as rational or irrational:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

Simplify each of the following expressions:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Recall, π is defined as the ratio of the circumference (say c) of a circle to its diameter (say d). That is, This seems to contradict the fact that π is irrational. How will you resolve this contradiction?

Represent on the number line.

Rationalize the denominators of the following:

(i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

Find:

(i) (ii)

(iii)

Find:

(i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

Simplify:

(i)

(ii)

(iii) (iv)