Solution of Chapter 4. Climate (Contemporary India-I Book)

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Which one of the following places receives the highest rainfall in the world?

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The wind blowing in the northern plains in summers is known as:

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Which one of the following causes rainfall during winters in northwestern part of India?

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Monsoon arrives in India approximately in:

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Which one of the following characterizes the cold weather season in India?

Answer the following questions briefly:

What are the controls affecting the climate of India?

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Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?

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Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?

Answer the following questions briefly:

Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar Coast?

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What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?

Answer the following questions briefly:

Define monsoons. What do you understand by "break” in monsoon?

Answer the following questions briefly:

Why the monsoon is considered a unifying bond?

Why does the rainfall decrease from east to the west in Northern India?

Give reasons:

Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian sub-continent.

Give reasons:

The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.

Give reasons:

Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.

Give reasons:

The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.

Give reasons:

Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought prone.

Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.

Discuss the mechanism of monsoons.

Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.

Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.

On an outline map of India, show the following:

(i) Areas receiving rainfall over 400 cm.

(ii) Areas receiving less than 20 cm of rainfall.

(iii) The direction of the south-west monsoon over India.

Find out which songs, dances, festivals and special food preparationsthat representdifferent cultures of India. Do they have some commonality with other regions of India?

Collect photographs of typical rural houses, and clothing of people from different regions of India. Examine whether they reflect any relationship with the climatic condition and relief of the area.

In Table-I the average mean monthly temperatures and amounts of rainfall of ten representative stations have been given. It is for you to study on your own and convert them into ‘temperature and rainfall' graphs. A glance at these visual representations will help you to grasp instantly the similarities and differences between them. One such graph (Figure attached) is already prepared for you. See if you can arrive at some broad generalizations’ about our diverse climatic conditions. We hope you are in for a great joy of learning. Do the following activities.

Re-arrange the ten stations in two different sequences:

(i) According to their distance from the equator.

(ii) According to their altitude above mean sea-level.

(i) Name two rainiest stations.

(ii) Name two driest stations.

(iii) Two stations with most equable climate.

(iv) Two stations with most extreme climate.

(v) Two stations most influenced by the Arabian branch of southwest monsoons.

(vi) Two stations most influenced by the Bay of Bengal branch of south-west monsoons.

(vii) Two stations influenced by both branches of the south-west monsoons.

(viii) Two stations influenced by retreating and north-east monsoons.

(ix) Two stations receiving winter showers from the western disturbances.

(x) The two hottest stations in the month of (a) February, (b) April, (c) May, (d) June.

Now find out

(i) Why are Thiruvananthapuram and Shillong rainier in June than in July?

(ii) Why is July rainier in Mumbai than in Thiruvananthapuram?

(iii) Why are southwest monsoons lessrainy in Chennai?

(iv) Why is Shillong rainier than Kolkata?

(v) Why is Kolkata rainier in July than in June unlike Shillong which is rainier in June than in July 2

(vi) Why does Delhi receive more rain than Jodhpur?

Now think why

(i) Think why Thiruvananthapuram has equable climate?

(ii) Chennai has more rains only after the fury of monsoon is over in most parts of the country?

(iii) Jodhpur has a hot desert type of climate?

(iv) Leh has moderate precipitation almost throughout the year.

(v) While in Delhi and Jodhpur most of the rain is confined to nearly three months, in Thiruvananthapuram and Shillong it is almost nine months of the year?

In spite of these facts see carefully if there are strong evidences to conclude that the monsoons still provide a very strong framework lending overall climatic unity to the whole country.